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转变区域非均衡发展的中原城市群崛起模式研究

日期：

王旭 博士学位论文

指导教师：傅崇兰 答辩日期2006年6月1日

转变区域非均衡发展的中原城市群

崛起模式研究

内容摘要

我国东中西部区域发展战略是国家高度重视的重大战略决策。2006年温家宝总理在《政府工作报告》中，明确提出中国要实施城市群带动战略和中部崛起战略。本文运用区域经济地理学、产业经济学和区域经济学的有关理论与方法，对区域经济非均衡发展理论、河南省区域经济非均衡发展的基本规律、城市群理论与实践、产业集群与中原城市群区域经济非均衡发展的关系进行了深入的分析与研究，选择了《转变区域非均衡发展的中原城市群崛起模式研究》，具有一定的理论和实践意义。

全文除前言和结论外，共分四个部分。第一部分（第一章）为全文的理论基础，第二部分（第二章、第三章）、第三部分（第四章至第九章）和第四部分（第十章至第十三章）是以河南省为对象的实证研究，其中，第三部分、第四部分是全文的重点。

第一部分主要研究区域经济非均衡发展的理论，对区域非均衡发展的文献成果和实践经验进行了系统的梳理，对我国区域发展战略及其实施效果和我国各主要阶段的区域发展因素进行了阐述。首先，通过对均衡与非均衡、经济增长与经济发展、均衡增长论与非均衡增长论等相关概念和理论进行解析，提出区域经济非均衡发展的基本内涵及其测度指标;其次，对增长极理论、区域经济发展累积循环理论、区域经济发展梯度推移理论、规模经济与集聚经济理论、经济地域运动理论等有关区域经济非均衡发展的理论进行评析;然后，对产业集群的概念、特征、类型、形成发展的一般规律及其与区域经济发展的关系进行了概括和总结，提出产业集群是区域经济非均衡发展的重要机制的观点。

第二部分主要研究河南省区域经济非均衡发展的基本规律。首先，分析了区位条件、自然条件与自然资源、人口与劳动力条件、社会经济条件的变化对河南省区域经济非均衡发展的影响;其次，通过对近年来的地域开发、工业化及其二元结构的形成过程进行了剖析，认为区域经济非均衡发展是一个客观规律，政府的地区开发政策并不能从根本上改变非均衡发展的格局;第三，总结了河南省区域经济非均衡发展的动力机制，主要包括区位指向性、规模经济、集聚与扩散效应，指出上述三种机制的综合作用可以概括为产业集群效应，即产业集群也是河南省区域经济非均衡发展的重要机制。

第三部分主要研究中原城市群发展对区域经济非均衡发展的影响，研究了中原城市群区域发展的规模、结构和演进过程，试分析了中原区域城市群发展的客观规律等，对中原城市群区域发展的一系列理论和实践问题作了系统的概括，对21世纪影响中原城市群区域发展的因素、城镇体系作了分析和展望。。首先，分析了中原城市群的发展特征，包括它的主要形成因素、行业分布及其规模、内部结构类型、发展现状以及存在的问题;其次，对郑汴洛城市工业走廊、新－郑－漯（京广）产业发展带、新－焦－济（南太行）产业发展带、洛—平—漯产业发展带四个典型产业带进行剖析，总结了产业集群发展变化的基本规律及其对所在区域经济发展的影响;在此基础上，对中原城市群产业集群与区域经济非均衡发展的关系进行理论总结，认为产业集群不仅有经济增长效应，还有经济结构演进效应和社会进步效应。

第四部分主要研究促进中原城市群区域经济发展和产业集群的发展的支撑条件。该部分从中原城市群的资源、环境现状着手分析，提出在城市群内合理调整经济结构和生产力布局的基础上，统一规划水资源、土地资源、生态保护、综合交通运输、能源、信息交通、科教文化等建设，搞好水资源的优化配置，调整土地利用结构，整治生态、改善人居环境，构筑多方式、多层次、一体化和适当超前的区域综合交通运输体系，整合能源基地建设、提高能源利用率，建设互通互联的信息交通网络，提高科技创新能力，加快推进教育现代化，大力弘扬中原文化，努力建设科教文化高地，使中原城市群在不远的未来建成城镇布局合理、制度建设完善、产业结构互补、信息资源共享、交通体系完备的一体化区域，形成与周边区域融合发展的开放型城市体系。产业竞争力、科技创新能力和文化竞争力显著提高，建成全国重要的先进制造业基地、能源基地和区域性现代服务业中心、科技创新中心，经济与人口、资源、环境相协调的发展格局基本形成。同时使要素集聚和承载能力全面增强，确立在中西部乃至全国城市群中的重要地位，更加有效地带动河南省并辐射周边地区发展，成为河南省经济发展的龙头，中部地区崛起的支柱。同时，论文从社会学角度对中原城市群区域内多城市之间的文化近似性和历史基础、发展进程差异性大小等方面进行了分析，并与中原城市群现代科技、文化、教育发展结合起来，进行理论概括，以求从多角度综合阐述中原城市群发展的理论创新体系。

论文的创新主要表现在四个方面：一是论文既阐述区域非均衡发展是一个区域发展总规律，又阐述了城市群的发展是转变区域发展不平衡的一大战略，这就在区域非均衡发展规律的理论基础上，提出了转变非均衡发展的理论观点，为中原城市群崛起和中西部区域发展战略实践提供了理论依据，既符合区域非均衡发展规律，又有针对性的实践意义；二是通过分析河南省区域经济非均衡发展过程，全面总结了河南省区域经济非均衡发展的形成机制，提出了产业集群是区域经济非均衡发展的重要机制的观点。并动态研究了产业集群的形成发展规律，迈克尔·波特对十个国家调查后，主要指出产业集群具有政府创新和企业创新的优势，这在理论上是很大的贡献。我国关于产业集群的研究，主要通过对区位商的计算，提出了对区域产业结构调整的理论依据。本文以河南省为例，将全球化与地方化结合起来研究，指出二者是一对矛盾统一体；三是通过深入细致地调查研究，采用了定性分析、定量分析、对比分析、关联分析等社会学综合研究方法，从我国全局发展战略的高度，对中原城市群的现状、发展趋势以及其在全国经济社会发展战略和中部崛起战略中的重要作用、功能定位进行了深入的分析。四是论文的框架结构和分析，就是根据转变区域非均衡发展的中原城市群崛起模式研究设计的，不仅从区域经济学视角，而且从社会学和城市学视角分析了中原城市群发展和建设的结构体系，揭示了城市群的发展趋势。该论文研究紧紧围绕区域非均衡发展理论及城市群发展对转变区域非均衡发展的作用展开，进行有针对性的理论探索，具有一定的创新性。

论文力图通过理论探讨与实证研究，重点研究产业集群与区域经济非均衡发展的内在联系，补充和完善区域经济非均衡发展理论，为区域经济地理学的发展做出自己微薄的贡献。但是由于城市群的发展、产业集群的发展还是一个新的研究领域，国内研究还处于起步阶段，可遵循的理论和方法较少，而论文选题具有相当的现实理论和实践意义，对实证研究要求很高，因本人的理论基础和研究水平有限，因此本文还只是一个初步的研究成果，有些问题尚未深入。另外，由于缺少系统的统计资料，论文以定性分析为主，定量只采用了相关分析方法。，这是本文今后应继续努力的主要方面，也是目前的不足之处。

关键词: 区域经济产业集群非均衡发展

Abstractt

The development strategy for eastern、middle and western areas of China is one of the significant strategic policies to which the government attaches much importance. Premier Wen Jiabao pointed out explicitly in his 《 Government Woke Report》 in 2006,that China should carry out the city group promoting strategy and the rise of the middle area strategy.

By using the relevant theories and methods in regional economic geography、industrial economics and regional economics, this paper makes a thorough analysis and research on the basic principles of non-balanced development in regional economics、the basic law of non-balanced development in regional economics of Henan province 、city group theory and practice , and the relation between industrial group and the non-balanced development in regional economics of Zhongyuan City Group. The study of the model is of significance both in theory and practice.

This paper can be divided into four parts in addition to the introduction and conclusion. Part one (chapter one ) acts as the theoretical basis、 part two (chapter two and three ) 、part three ( from chapter four to nine ) and part four ( from chapter ten to thirteen ) is an empirical study of Henan province as the subject, among which part three and four acts the important parts of the paper.

In part one, the theory of non-balanced development in regional economics is mainly discussed. The document and experience concerning the development have been organized systematically, the analysis has also been made on the regional development strategy of China and its implementing effect as well as regional development factors in different stages. First, its basic connotation and measurement index are put forward through analyzing relevant concepts and theories such as balance and non-balance、economic growth and economic development、theory on balanced growth and non-balanced growth; second, this part makes a comment and analysis on a series of theories on the accumulation and cycle of regional economical development; and then it summaries the definition、feature、type of industrial group 、common law of its formation and development and its relationship with the development of regional economics, also, the idea that industrial group is an important mechanism of non- balanced development of regional economics is put forward in this part.

Part two mainly deals with the basic law of non- balanced development of regional economics in Henan. Firstly, the influence of various changes on it is analyzed. These changes include the changes of locative condition、natural condition and natural resources、population and laborer condition、social economic condition; secondly, by analyzing the regional development、industrialization and the formation of its dual structures, a conclusion is drawn that non- balanced development of regional economics is an objective law and thus the regional developing policy of the government can not totally change the pattern of non- balanced development ; thirdly, it summaries the motive mechanism, mainly including effect, and points out that the comprehensive function of the above three mechanisms can be generalized into industrial group effect, that is to say, industrial group is also an important mechanism of non- balanced development of regional economics in Henan.

Part three focuses on the influence of Zhongyuan City Group development on non- balanced development of regional economics. From the study on the scale of Zhongyuan City Group development、structure and its progressing , it makes an analysis on its objective law and a systematic summary of its theories and practical problems. An analysis and forecast of the factors and city-town system which influence its development is followed. Firstly, it analyzes the developing features of the City Group, including its major forming factors、industrial distribution and its scale、inner structural type、present developing state and existing problems; secondly, it analyzes four typical industrial developing belt like urban industrial belt formed by Zhengzhou、Kaifeng and Luoyang、the industrial developing belt by Xinxiang、Zhengzhou and Luohe、the one by Xinxiang、Jiaozuo and Jiyuan、and the fourth one by Luoyang、Pingdingshan and Luohe, and then summarizes the basic law of industrial group development and the influence on its regional economic development; on the basis of the above study, it makes a summary theoretically to the relation between the industrial group of the City Group and non-balanced development in regional economics, believing that industrial group not only has economic growth effect, but also has effect and social development effect

Part four mainly studies the support which improves regional economic development of the City Group and the development industrial group. Considering the city group’s resources and environmental state, it comes up with the idea that on the basis of adjusting economic structure and the distribution of the productive force, the first step is to make a unified plan of the construction of water 、soil、ecological protection、multiple transportation、energy、information communication、scientific and educational culture, etc. by improving the devices to purify water resource、adjusting the using structure of land and harnessing the ecology in order to improve people’s living surrounding 、constitute a multi and farsighted regional integrated transporting system. Also we need to make full use of the energy and form the informational communication network so as to fasten modernization in education. The final goal is to make the Zhongyuan City group an unified region with reasonable distribution of cities、improved system、industrial structure compensating each other、information resources available to everyone, and form a kind of open urban system developing with neighboring regions in the near future. By improving its industrial competitiveness、scientific innovation and cultural competitiveness, a center of manufacturing、culture、economics, etc. is to be formed 、its important position in Middle West even the entire city groups in China be established, and thus the Zhongyuan City Group becomes the leading force of Henan economic development to help promote the quick rise of the central area of China. Meanwhile, this paper ,from the aspect of sociology, makes an analysis on the cultural similarities between cities inside the region of Zhongyuan City Group、the size of differences on historical basis and progress, together with its modern technology、culture and education development, this paper also makes a theoretical generalization in order to fully elaborate a theory creative system of Zhongyuan City Group from multi angels.

The novelty of the paper is presented mainly through the following four aspects: Firstly, the paper not only states that regional non-balanced development is the principle of regional development, but also states that the development of city group is an important strategy to transform the non-balance of regional development, which proposes a theoretical viewpoint on how to transform non-balance development based on the above theory, and thus provides a theoretical basis for the implement of the rise of Zhongyuan City Group and the developing strategy of the Middle West Areas, which accords with the principle of non-balanced development and has practical significance as well; secondly, by analyzing such factors as comparative advantages、resources、economic basis、the similarities of social culture development among cities in the City Group and mutually beneficial development on its modern technology、information、transportation, etc. the paper makes an analysis on the process of non-balanced development of Henan regional economics, reveals inner mechanism of its non-balanced development, and a theoretical generalization on how to change the present state 、how to realize its quick rise in the project of the rising City Group; thirdly, through a thorough investigation and with a sociological studying methods such as qualitative analysis、quantitative analysis、comparative analysis and connective analysis, this paper makes a deep study of the present state、developing tendency of the City Group、 its significance and functional evaluation in the economic and social developing strategy of China as well as in the strategy of the rise of the Middle Area . The paper also makes a dynamic study on the formation and development of the industrial group ,by using Henan province as an example to combining globalization and localization , the paper points out that they two are contradictory unity, which is new both domestically and abroad; the fourth aspect , as the structure and analysis of the paper, which is based on the model study of the rise of Zhongyuan City Group to transform regional non-balanced development, analyzes the structure of the development and construction of the City Group and discloses its developing tendency not only from the perspective of regional economics ,but also from the perspective of sociology and city . This paper focuses on the theory of regional non-balanced development and the function of city group’s development on transforming regional non-balanced development by making purposeful theoretical search, which is of some creativity.